CONSORT 2025 statement: updated guideline for reporting randomised trialsOPEN ACCESS
BMJ · DOI: 10.1136/bmj-2024-081123
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · October 2012
Examines more than two thousand retracted biomedical and life-science articles indexed in PubMed and finds that most were withdrawn because of misconduct, including suspected fraud, rather than honest error. It also reports that retractions for fraud had risen sharply over time, highlighting gaps in how retraction notices describe their causes.
Summary written by Sterling IMRES editors. Read the original abstract at the publisher.
Fang FC, Steen RG, Casadevall A. Misconduct accounts for the majority of retracted scientific publications. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2012;109(42):17028-17033. doi:10.1073/pnas.1212247109
BMJ · DOI: 10.1136/bmj-2024-081123
BMJ · DOI: 10.1136/bmj.n71