Review articleOpen access

Hallmarks of Cancer: New Dimensions

Cancer Discovery · 1 January 2022

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Summary

An update to the influential hallmarks of cancer framework that proposes additional candidate hallmarks and enabling characteristics, including phenotypic plasticity, non-mutational epigenetic reprogramming, polymorphic microbiomes and senescent cells. It gives a conceptual map used widely in teaching and research on the mechanisms of cancer.

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Cite this work

Hanahan D. Hallmarks of Cancer: New Dimensions. Cancer Discovery. 2022;12(1):31-46. doi:10.1158/2159-8290.CD-21-1059

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